ASTM C998-2005 放射性核素表面土壤取样的标准实施规程

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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforSamplingSurfaceSoilforRadionuclides
【原文标准名称】:放射性核素表面土壤取样的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMC998-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.05
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:核技术;抽样方法;底部;核能;表面;放射性核素;土壤
【英文主题词】:environmental;radionuclides;sampling;soil
【摘要】:Soilprovidesasourcematerialforthedeterminationofselectedradionuclidesandservesasanintegratorofthedepositionofairbornematerials.Soilsamplingshouldnotbeusedastheprimarymeasurementsystemtodemonstratecompliancewithapplicableradionuclidesinairstandards.Thisshouldbedonebyairsamplingorbymeasuringemissionrates.Soilsamplingdoesserveasasecondarysystem,andinmanycases,istheonlyavailableavenueifinsufficientairsamplingoccurredatthetimeofanincident.Formanyinsolubleradionuclides,theprimaryexposurepathwaytothegeneralpopulationisbyinhalation.Theresuspensionoftransuranicelementshasreceivedconsiderableattention(1,2)3andtheirmeasurementinsoilisonemeansofestablishingcompliancewiththeU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)guidelinesonexposuretotransuranicelements.Soilsamplingcanprovideusefulinformationforotherpurposes,suchasplantuptakestudies,totalinventoryofvariousradionuclidesinsoilduetoatmosphericnucleartests,andtheaccumulationofradionuclidesasafunctionoftime.Asoilsamplingandanalysisprogramaspartofapreoperationalenvironmentalmonitoringprogramservestoestablishbaselineconcentrations.Considerationwasgiventothesecriteriainpreparingthispractice.Soilcollectedusingthispracticeandsubsequentanalysiscanbeusedtomonitorradionuclidedepositionofemissionsfromnuclearfacilities.Thecriticalfactorsnecessarytoprovidethisinformationaresamplinglocation,timeofsampling,frequencyofsampling,samplesize,andmaintenanceoftheintegrityofthesamplepriortoanalysis.Sincethesoilisconsideredtobeaheterogeneousmedium,multipointsamplingisnecessary.Thesamplesmustrepresenttheconditionsexistingintheareaforwhichdataaredesired.1.1Thispracticecoversthesamplingofsurfacesoilforthepurposeofobtainingasamplerepresentativeofaparticularareaforsubsequentchemicalanalysisofselectedradionuclides.Thispracticedescribesoneacceptableapproachtocollectsoilsamplesforradiochemicalanalysis.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z13
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_05
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】: