NF S95-150-1998 医疗用湿度计.加湿系统的一般要求

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDielectricBreakdownVoltageandDielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterialsUsingImpulseWaves
【原文标准名称】:用脉冲波法测定固体电绝缘材料的电介质击穿电压及抗电强度的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD3426-1997(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1997
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D09.12
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电介质击穿;抗电强度;电气工程;电绝缘材料;电绝缘;电气试验;绝缘;试验
【英文主题词】:dielectricbreakdown;dielectricbreakdowncriteria;dielectricbreakdownvoltage;dielectricstrength;full-impulse-voltagewave;impulsedielectricstrength;impulsegenerator;impulsewaves;lightningstrokes;peakvalue;simulated-lightningi
【摘要】:Insulatingmaterialsusedinhigh-voltageequipmentmaybesubjectedtotransientvoltagestresses,resultingfromsuchcausesasnearbylightningstrokes.Thisisparticularlytrueofapparatussuchastransformersandswitchgearusedinelectrical-powertransmissionanddistributionsystems.Theabilityofinsulatingmaterialstowithstandthesetransientvoltagesisimportantinestablishingthereliabilityofapparatusinsulatedwiththesematerials.Transientvoltagescausedbylightningmaybeofeitherpositiveornegativepolarity.Inasymmetricalfieldbetweenidenticalelectrodes,thepolarityhasnoeffectonthebreakdownstrength.However,withdissimilarelectrodestheremaybeapronouncedpolarityeffect.Itiscommonpracticewhenusingdissimilarelectrodes,tomakenegativethatelectrodeatwhichthehighergradientwillappear.Whenasymmetricalelectrodesareusedfortestingmaterialswithwhichthetesterhasnopreviousexperienceorknowledge,itisrecommendedthathemakecomparativetestswithpositivepolarityandnegativepolarityappliedtothehighergradient,orsmallerelectrode,todeterminewhichpolarityproducesthelowerbreakdownvoltage.Thestandardwaveshapeisa1.2by50-x03BC;swave,reachingpeakvoltageinapproximately1.2x03BC;sanddecayingto50%ofpeakvoltageinapproximately50x03BC;safterthebeginningofthewave.Thiswaveisintendedtosimulatealightningstrokethatmaystrikeasystemwithoutcausingfailureonthesystem.Formostmaterials,theimpulsedielectricstrengthwillbehigherthaneitheritspowerfrequencyalternatingvoltageoritsdirectvoltagedielectricstrengths.Becauseoftheshorttimeinvolved,dielectricheatingandotherthermaleffectsarelargelyeliminatedduringimpulsetesting.Thus,theimpulsetestgivesvaluesclosertotheintrinsicbreakdownstrengththandolongertimetests.Fromcomparisonsoftheimpulsedielectricstrengthwiththevaluesobtainedfromlongertimetests,inferencesmaybedrawnastothemodesoffailuresunderthevarioustestsforagivenmaterial.AppendixX1ofTestMethodD149shouldbereferredtoforfurtherinformationonthissubject.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofdielectricstrengthofsolidelectricalinsulatingmaterialsundersimulated-lightningimpulseconditions.1.2Proceduresaregivenfortestsusingstandard1.2by50sfull-waveimpulses.1.3Thistestmethodisintendedforuseindeterminingtheimpulsedielectricstrengthofinsulatingmaterials,eitherusingsimpleelectrodesorfunctionalmodels.Itisnotintendedforuseinimpulsetestingofapparatus.1.4ThistestmethodissimilartoIECPublication243-3.AllproceduresinthistestmethodareincludedinIEC243-3.DifferencesbetweenthistestmethodandIEC243-3arelargelyeditorial.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.SpecificprecautionstatementsaregiveninSection9.
【中国标准分类号】:K15
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Influenceoforganicmaterialsonwaterintendedforhumanconsumption-Determinationofthechlorinedemand-Testmethod.
【原文标准名称】:有机材料对人类生活用水的影响.要求氯的测定.试验方法
【标准号】:NFP41-038-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2006-11-01
【实施或试行日期】:2006-11-05
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:化学性质;化合物;氯;定义;饮用水处理;杂质;检验;有机的;饮用水;特性;纯度;试剂;规范(验收);试验设备;试验媒体;试验报告;试验;运输;处理;水;水常规;水常规(实验);水净化;水质;给水;水处理
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:C53;P40
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_20;23_040_20;67_250
【页数】:19P;A4
【正文语种】:其他